http://www.redicces.org.sv/jspui/handle/10972/171 2026-04-15T22:04:50Z http://www.redicces.org.sv/jspui/handle/10972/3509 Title: A spatio-temporal analysis of suicide in El Salvador Authors: Carcach, Carlos Abstract: In 2012, international statistics showed El Salvador’s suicide rate as 40th in the world and the highest in Latin America. Over the last 15 years, national statistics show the suicide death rate declining as opposed to an increasing rate of homicide. Though completed suicide is an important social and health issue, little is known about its prevalence, incidence, etiology and spatio-temporal behavior. The primary objective of this study was to examine completed suicide and homicide using the stream analogy to lethal violence within a spatio-temporal framework. 2017-04-20T00:00:00Z http://www.redicces.org.sv/jspui/handle/10972/3508 Title: Comparación empírica de varios métodos para estimar los parámetros de la distribución lognormal con traslado Authors: Muñoz, David F.; Ruiz, César; Guzmán, Sven Abstract: En este artículo se presentan resultados experimentales sobre la comparación de cinco metodologías para estimar los parámetros de la distribución lognormal con traslado. Los métodos considerados son el método de momentos, el método de máxima verosimilitud local, un método propuesto por Nagatsuka y Balakrishnan, una modificación de este último, y un nuevo método propuesto en este artículo. El método de máxima verosimilitud local proporcionó estimadores que tienen buenas propiedades cuando el tamaño de la muestra no es muy pequeño y el método no falla. Por otro lado, el método de Nagatsuka y Balakrishnan modificado tuvo el mejor desempeño desde el punto de vista de los errores cuadráticos promedio de los estimadores. El nuevo método propuesto en este trabajo mostró el mejor desempeño desde el punto de vista de una medida de bondad de ajuste. 2016-06-01T00:00:00Z http://www.redicces.org.sv/jspui/handle/10972/3507 Title: Situational prevention and public transport crime in El Salvador Authors: Natarajan, Mangai; Clarke, Ronald; Carcach, Carlos; Ponce, Carlos; Beneke de Sanfeliú, Margarita; Escobar Polanco, Dolores; Chávez, Mario; Shi, Mauricio Abstract: By any standard, there is a serious problem of crime on the public transport system in El Salvador. Guided by crime opportunity theory, this study undertook a rapid assessment of the problem consisting of a systematic observation of public transport in El Salvador and focus group discussions with passengers, bus operators, police and bus company owners/managers. The purposes were (1) to describe the main forms of crime and disorder afflicting the system, (2) to identify features of the system that contribute to the high levels of crime and disorder, and (3) to identify preventive measures, consistent with international experience. A program of situational crime prevention measures was identified which consisted of two main kinds: (1) measures relating to the operations of the bus system as a whole, intended to help to create a more orderly and secure transport environment and, (2) more specific measures designed to reduce opportunities for crimes occurring on buses or at bus stops, such as homicides, robberies, and sexual assaults on women. Future research and implementation of the preventive measures are discussed. 2015-10-17T00:00:00Z http://www.redicces.org.sv/jspui/handle/10972/3506 Title: A spatio‑temporal model of homicide in El Salvador Authors: Carcach, Carlos Abstract: This paper examines the spatio-temporal evolution of homicide across the municipalities of El Salvador. It aims at identifying both temporal trends and spatial clusters that may contribute to the formation of time-stable corridors lying behind a historically (recurrent) high homicide rate. The results from this study reveal the presence of significant clusters of high homicide municipalities in the Western part of the country that have remained stable over time, and a process of formation of high homicide clusters in the Eastern region. The results show an increasing homicide trend from 2002 to 2013 with significant municipality-specific differential trends across the country. The data suggests that links may exist between the dynamics of homicide rates, drug trafficking and organized crime. 2015-08-22T00:00:00Z